Similarly, Six1, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were present at very low levels in the podocyte, while Six2 transcripts were present at modest levels in the early developing podocyte, and essentially absent in the adult. Dach1 in the podocyte therefore appears to act independent of Six and Eya. Of particular interest, given the importance of AbMole Alprostadil preventing adult podocyte proliferation, DACH1 can inhibit Cyclin D1 and thereby inhibit cell proliferation. DACH1 can also inhibit JUN-mediated contact-independent growth, which could be of importance since we observe that Jun is also expressed in prodocytes. JUN is a positive regulator of cell proliferation. Of interest, loss of E-cadherin mediated cell-cell contact can upregulate Jun. Podocyte expressed transcription factors also included Hoxc4, Hoxc6, Hoxc8, Zeb1, and Mafb. Of interest, Hoxc6 and Hoxc8 are both expressed strongly in stromal cells during development, like Foxd1, as well as in forming podocytes. The targets of Hox genes can vary from cell type to cell type, but it is interesting to note that HOXC6 targets in prostate cells include elements of FGF, BMP, NOTCH and WNT signaling pathways. MAFB is a member of the Maf family of transcription factors, and has been previously shown to play a critical role in podocyte development. Zeb1 encodes a zinc finger E-box binding homeobox transcription AbMole Hexyl Chloroformate factor and has previously been associated with epithelial mesenchymal transition, in particular as a repressor of E-cadherin. Other transcription related genes of interest strongly expressed in the podocyte included Supt4h1, a regulator of transcription pausing, Sap18, part of a histone deacetylases complex, Smarca2,a member of the SWI/SNF family of proteins that regulate gene expression through chromatin remodeling, Setd7, a histone methyltransferase, Kdm4c and Jhdm1d, both histone demethylases, Txnip, which can induce cell cycle arrest, and Sync, which is generally expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscle. It is important to note the striking success of this screen in identifying a number of transcription factors previously shown to play key functional roles in the podocyte. This provides an important historical validation of the analysis. It suggests that some of the newly identified podocyte expressed genes, reported herein, may also have yet to be discovered essential functions in podocyte biology. It is also important to note that the analysis of podocyte transcription factor expression presented in this report is far from exhaustive. Many other transcription factors, as listed in supplementary data, that are not necessarily strongly enriched in the podocyte, and/or are not expressed at high levels, are certain to play important roles in the podocyte. We further extended the adult podocyte specific analysis, this time screening for genes with higher expression levels as well as five fold podocyte enrichment compared to total kidney cortex.