On the other hand, intestinal barrier dysfunction leads to intestinal inflammation and causes the release of various pro-inflammatory cytokines, consequently increasing the level of cytokines and then activating the NF-kB signaling pathway. This will in turn enhance the recruitment of inflammatory cells and trigger the production of more pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, these cytokines often exhibit synergistic effects on inflammatory response and induce the production of secondary mediators such as chemokines, prostaglandins, and platelet-activating factors, resulting in aggravated inflammation and intestinal barrier injury. Therefore, inhibition of NF-kB p65 to decrease the release of the cytokines may be a potential strategy in the control of intestinal inflammation and may be one of the effective approaches in preventing the damage of intestinal barrier in clinical practice. Oxymatrine, a quinolizidine alkaloid derived from traditional Chinese herb Radix Sophora flavescens, has a wide range of preclinical pharmacological activities, including anti-oxidative, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, hepatoprotective, and immune-modulating activities. In clinical settings, oxymatrine has been primarily used for the treatment of liver diseases, due to its purported anti-viral and antiinflammatory effects. Several preclinical studies have evaluated its beneficial effects and investigated the underlying mechanism. Shi et al showed that oxymatrine simultaneously downregulated sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 and up-regulated peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha mediated metabolic pathways to attenuate hepatic steatosis in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. It has been Sinomenine-Hydrochloride reported that oxymatrine protected animals against ischemia and reperfusioninduced liver, heart, and intestinal injuries involving extracellular signal regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 mitogenactivated protein kinases signaling pathways. In Oroxyloside addition, the inhibitory effect of oxymatrine on NF-kB signaling pathway has been reported in pancreatic cancer and cerebral ischemia in animals.