In addition, sugarcane stalk wilt and rot caused by F. sacchari, which was closely related to pokkah boeng caused by F. moniliforme, occasionally occurred on stems close to the top of plants. However, to date, the species of Fusarium species complex that cause sugarcane pokahh boeng in China has not been identified. Disease management strategies require not only the detection and identification of destructive pathogens, but also an understanding of the threshold pathogen density, changes in the distribution of the pathogen, and the interaction between the pathogen and its biotic and abiotic environments. Conventional PCR is widely used in pathogen identification, mostly due to the low cost of thermal cyclers and reagents, while TaqMan realtime PCR has the advantages of speed, sensitivity, and the ability to quantify pathogens. The rDNA Cefoselis sulfate internal transcribed spacer sequences have been successfully used in resolving species-level and phylogenetic relationships in Fusarium. In this study, we developed a species-specific method to detect and identify the species of Fusarium species complex isolated from all of the major sugarcane production areas throughout the year that caused sugarcane pokahh boeng in China. Tumor-specific peptides, which can bind to molecules on the surface of cancer cells with high affinity, endow anti-cancer agents with target specificity and contribute to active drug targeting. Although several peptides that bind to cancers��including breast cancer, prostate cancer, melanoma, and pancreatic cancer��have been identified, most of the peptides that were selected by in vitro screening failed to bind to cancer cells in vivo. Thus, an easy and reliable screening system that identifies highly specific target-binding peptides that would be applicable in vivo is needed. Peptide-display techniques are commonly used to screen targetbinding peptides, primarily because they can evaluate diverse peptide libraries more quickly and with more ease than methods that use chemically Drospirenone synthesized and purified libraries.