A benefit of improved radiation therapy techniques and systemic therapies is that patients with brain tumors are surviving longer; however, this means that the patient population with irradiation-induced cognitive impairments is growing rapidly. Quality of life is dramatically affected by cognitive dysfunction and is an important measure of the outcome of brain tumor therapy. Although someshort term interventions are effective, there is a lack of useful preventive strategies for irradiation-induced cognitive impairments. Thus, research aimed at preventing or ameliorating irradiation-induced cognitive impairments is important. Valuable insights have come from preclinical studies regarding LY2157299 potential pathogenic mechanisms involved in radiation-induced cognitive impairment. Radiation to the brain induces a profound oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Loss of hippocampal neurogenesis, persistent changes in neuronal structure and synaptic plasticity, white matter impairment, blood-brain barrier damage, and decreased capillary density have been associated with radiation-induced cognitive impairment. However, the details regarding the specific molecular and cellular mechanisms/pathways underlying BI-induced deficits remain unclear. There is evidence that acupuncture is effective in treating several neurological disorders such as stroke, depression, and fatigue. Acupuncture exerts its therapeutic effects by stimulating acupuncture points, and adenosine A1 receptors and nerve fibers transfer the signal. The complicated effects of acupuncture are determined by the complexity of the human body and the disease being treated. One study reported neuroimmune system modulation following acupuncture. Electroacupuncture performed immediately after middle cerebral artery occlusion prevented extensive BBB damage and inhibited neuroinflammation, two important elements in irradiation-induced brain injury. DU20 and DU26 are common acupuncture points targeted to treat neurological diseases in clinical practice and experimental studies, and these points are believed to be related to the brain in Chinese traditional medicine. Therefore, we selected these two acupuncture points to study the beneficial effects of EA after BI injury. Our results suggest that EA performed immediately after BI prevents irradiation-induced cognitive impairments in rats. The BBB selectively controls central nervous system homeostasis by affecting specific structural and biochemical features of endothelial cells, pericytes, and Epoxomicin astrocyte endfeet. BBB damage by BI, which is caused by endothelial apoptosis, vesicle increment, and tight junction loss, may predict irradiation-induced cognitive dysfunction.